Hearing loss has long been tied to cognitive decline and memory issues, but new research shows that even if you wear hearing aids, the risk may still be there.
In a study of over 62,000 middle-aged and older adults, researchers found that hearing loss—whether mild or severe—was linked to cognitive impairment, and in many cases, hearing aids didn’t stop the decline.
The findings are part of a growing body of research suggesting that hearing loss may be one of the key factors that contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline. But does that mean hearing aids are useless?
Not exactly.
Let’s break down what this new research means for your hearing health and what you can do to protect your brain.
The study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed more than 62,000 adults aged 45-69 to examine the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive function. Here’s what the researchers found:
- 38% of participants had mild hearing loss, and 10% had disabling hearing loss.
- People with mild hearing loss were 27% more likely to have cognitive impairment compared to those with normal hearing.
- People with disabling hearing loss had an even higher risk—37% experienced cognitive impairment.
- Surprisingly, hearing aids didn’t make a significant difference in reducing cognitive decline, except in people with depression.
So, while hearing aids are still essential for improving quality of life and reducing social isolation, they may not be enough on their own to prevent cognitive issues.
Researchers believe there are several reasons why hearing loss and cognitive decline are so closely linked. One theory is that people with hearing loss tend to become socially isolated because communication becomes more difficult, leading to less engagement with others. This lack of stimulation could contribute to memory problems over time.
Another possibility is that the brain is forced to work harder to process sound, using up mental resources that would otherwise go toward memory and cognitive function. Some researchers even suggest that the neurodegenerative processes associated with both hearing loss and cognitive decline may share similar roots.
While hearing aids didn’t prevent cognitive decline for most participants in the study, there’s still hope. Research shows that hearing aids do improve quality of life, making it easier for people with hearing loss to engage socially and remain active in their daily lives.
In fact, people with both hearing loss and depression in the study saw benefits from hearing aid use, suggesting that addressing other underlying issues like mental health could play a role in preventing cognitive decline.
Hearing loss is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline, but the good news is there are steps you can take to preserve both your hearing and your brain health. Here are a few actionable tips to get started:
Get Regular Hearing Screenings
If you’re over 50 or have noticed any changes in your hearing, make sure to schedule regular hearing tests. Early detection can help you address hearing loss before it affects your brain health.
Stay Socially Engaged
One of the biggest risks of hearing loss is social isolation, which can contribute to memory loss. Stay connected with friends and family, and engage in activities that challenge your brain, such as puzzles or learning new skills.
Consider Cognitive Screening
If you already have hearing loss, consider getting a cognitive screening to assess your memory and mental function. Monitoring your brain health can help you catch any early signs of cognitive decline.
Protect Your Hearing
Prevent hearing loss from worsening by protecting your ears from loud noises. Use earplugs in noisy environments and avoid prolonged exposure to loud music or sounds.
Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle
Keeping your brain healthy is about more than just your hearing. A balanced diet, regular exercise, and quality sleep are all crucial for preventing cognitive decline.
Hearing loss may not just be a sign of aging—it could be an early warning of cognitive decline. While hearing aids are essential for communication and quality of life, they may not fully protect against memory loss.
The best approach? Take proactive steps to preserve your hearing and your brain health by staying socially engaged, protecting your ears, and seeking regular screenings.
To your brain and hearing health,
Rachel Mace
Managing Editorial Director, e-Alert
with contributions from the research team
P.S. Want more tips on keeping your brain sharp as you age? Click here for expert advice!
Sources:
Bender, E. (2024, October 8). Hearing Loss Tied to Cognitive Decline, Even With Hearing Aid Use. Medscape. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/hearing-loss-tied-cognitive-decline-even-hearing-aid-use-2024a1000idu