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Is Your Fluctuating Blood Pressure a Silent Threat to Your BRAIN?

When it comes to blood pressure, most of us have been trained to focus on two magic numbers…

The systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom) readings.

We know that high blood pressure, or hypertension, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

But what if those numbers aren’t telling the whole story?

New research from the University of South Australia suggests that it’s not just the absolute numbers that matter, but also how much those numbers fluctuate over time.

In fact, these blood pressure variations could be a hidden warning sign of trouble with your brain.

The study, published in the journal Cerebral Circulation–Cognition and Behavior, looked at 70 healthy adults between the ages of 60 and 80. The researchers monitored each participant’s blood pressure, administered cognitive tests, and measured arterial stiffness in the brain and blood vessels using advanced imaging techniques.

What they found was striking. Participants who had greater blood pressure variability within a single day, as well as across multiple days, performed worse on cognitive tests.

In other words, even if their average blood pressure was in the normal range, those with more erratic readings were more likely to show signs of cognitive impairment.

But the findings didn’t stop there. The researchers also discovered that higher variability in systolic blood pressure (the top number) was linked to stiffer arteries, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease. This suggests that the physical effects of blood pressure fluctuations extend beyond the brain and into the very vessels that keep our blood flowing smoothly.

Perhaps most intriguing is the fact that these associations were found in older adults with no clinically relevant cognitive impairment. Meaning that blood pressure variability could potentially serve as an early warning sign of future dementia risk, long before memory problems become noticeable.

By shifting our focus from absolute blood pressure numbers to the patterns of variability over time, we may be able to identify those at risk for cognitive decline much earlier in the process. This could open up new avenues for prevention and early intervention, potentially slowing or even halting the progression of dementia.

So, what can you do to keep your blood pressure—and your brain—in tip-top shape as you age? While more research is needed to fully understand the implications of this study, there are some practical steps you can take today:

  • Monitor your blood pressure regularly, not just in the doctor’s office but also at home. Keep a log of your readings and look for patterns of variability.
  • Adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, regular exercise, and stress management techniques like meditation or deep breathing.
  • If you’re on blood pressure medication, have a conversation with your doctor to ensure it’s necessary and that you are on the right dosage. If needed, take it as prescribed and don’t skip doses. Work with your doctor to find the right combination of lifestyle changes and medication to keep your numbers stable.
  • Stay mentally active with hobbies, socializing, and lifelong learning. Engaging your brain can help build cognitive reserve and resilience.

Remember, your blood pressure is more than just a number—it’s a window into your overall cardiovascular and cognitive health.

To the blood pressure and brain connection,

Rachel Mace
Managing Editorial Director, e-Alert
with contributions from the research team

P.S. “Mineral trio” helps maintain healthy blood pressure?

Sources:

https://studyfinds.org/unstable-blood-pressure-dementia/

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